A portion is about a handful and that should keep you going until mid-morning when you can

A portion is about a handful and that should keep you going until mid-morning, when you can have a piece of fruit."A boiled egg with toast will also provide protein and fill you up, and there's nothing wrong with a traditional breakfast, as long as you grill and poach it and don't have it every day. A 12oz latte from Pret A Manger clocks up 194 calories and 11g of fat. So what's the solution? When what seems like the healthy option is just as bad as the obviously naughty one, how do you negotiate your way through the breakfast trap?Rebecca Foster, of the British Nutrition Foundation, says we should eat around 300 calories a day at breakfast. A cup of tea or coffee made at home with a splash of semi-skimmed milk comes in at around 20 calories. Let us compare the Ultimate Breakfast Roll from Burger King, which has two rashers of bacon, one egg, HP sauce and a sausage patty in a bun It has 514 calories and 30 grams of fat But look at the Rise and Shine muffin from Starbucks. This contains sultanas, raisins, bran, apricots, sunflower seeds, pine nuts, walnuts, honey, cinnamon, brown sugar and a little vanilla. Sounds good, doesn't it? But at 519 calories and 29.4g of fat, there's not much difference between that and Burger King. While we're on the subject of calories, let's look at the coffee.

Should it be the breakfast sandwich with bacon and egg or the Greek yoghurt with fruit? Let's not forget the enormous range of muffins that are available - although it might be worth pointing out that that roll of flab spilling over the top of your jeans is known as a muffin top, which tells you all you need to know about that particular option. Not to mention sandwich shops, greasy spoons, supermarkets and corner shops selling breakfast in the shape of a bar with a wrapper round it. But somehow it's so much more tempting to spend an extra 10 minutes in bed So we rush out of the door and grab breakfast on the run And that isn't difficult these days There are coffee bars on every corner. We all know we should eat breakfast. We all know the research that says that those who do are more mentally alert. So someone with amnesia can be taught to play the piano.* Heart attacks, when the brain is starved of oxygen, can cause amnesia, as can encephalitis, when a variation of the herpes virus (most commonly associated with cold sores) attacks the brain..

Memories for events before the injury may be retained, but events since are lost.* Very short-term memory is spared, which means that the individual may be able to converse, but the memory of the discussion soon fades.* Anterograde amnesia may, however, spare memory for skills or habits. Some patients learn to reflect on why they are doing this; for others, it will never be more than a habit.Karina is clever and stubborn, with a very dry sense of humour. But as I leave I know that any impressions that she may have formed of me will soon fade and disappear. If she saw me on a street she would perhaps think I looked familiar, but would be unlikely to place me. In her mind, our meeting has never happened.Need to know* Anterograde amnesia is a selective memory deficit, the inability to remember events, resulting from brain injury or disease.* The individual finds it difficult to learn new information.

We check whether patients are humming tunes they may have heard on the radio recently, as evidence that they are taking in new memories."He helps patients to re-establish a pattern, re-teaching basic routines of getting up, getting washed and dressed. He encourages relatives to keep a visitors' book, so that patients have a record of who has been in.Dr Worthington teaches people to remember through procedural learning, which does not require reflection. Skills such as swimming and playing the piano can be learnt, but sufferers find it very hard to absorb knowledge that can be applied in different situations.He says that certain triggers can help the memory of an amnesia patient. "Smell is a powerful cue to memory, there is a direct link between the olfactory bulb and the memory part of the brain," he says. Chandler remembers tunes from the radio, and her mother, Marianne, finds it encouraging to hear Karina humming a song that she has heard perhaps only twice.Dr Worthington says this is not surprising. "The melodic memory creates a chain through time, which may explain why people with speech problems can sing more fluently than they can speak.